Genus Antocha Osten Sacken, 1860 with three subgenera Antocha (s. str.) Osten Sacken 1860, Proantocha Alexander, 1919 and Orimargula Mik, 1883 includes 158 species, four subspecies [1] and according to Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World this genus is recorded from all zoogeographic regions [2]. The subgenus Antocha (s. str.) is the most species-rich subgenus of the genus Antocha, with 112 valid species and two subspecies, including 17 species and two subspecies recorded from Sichuan (China). Adults of the genus Antocha are small (3 mm) to medium-sized (11 mm) crane flies, which are found near streams or rivers [1]. Wings of these insects are wide with large, nearly right-angled anal angle [1].
The taxonomy of the genus remains unclear; several species are known only from the unique female holotypes and no phylogenetic analysis of Antocha has been undertaken. Due to lack of information, it is difficult to identify species of this genus, thus this group of insects is not well known.
This research was carried out in Sichuan province (China). One species was described as new to science (Fig. 1). Insects of the new species have sclerotized and twisted into spiral genital structures – parameres, which are different in other species [1].
Taxonomy is foundational to Biology. If the scientific name and systematic of any life form is unclear, it will be impossible to repeat an experiment, the results will be incomparable, and hypotheses will be untested. Therefore, scientific works such as this provide foundation for other scientific works.